Manufacturing of Advanced Piezoelectric Nanogenerator by Functionalizing PVDF with LiTaO₃ and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications

One of the freely available green energy sources that might be used to satisfy the small-scale energy need is mechanical energy. In order to capture mechanical energy, power the next generation of electronic gadgets, and health monitoring flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators made of light weight polymers and carbon nanotubes have drawn a lot of attention. Lithium tantalate (LiTaO₃) nanoparticles were prepared and utilized to create a flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (FPNG). A compact piezoelectric nanogenerator that successfully transfers mechanical energy into electricity was then created using lightweight polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and LiTaO₃ nanoparticles. To create a piezoelectric composite film, LiTaO₃ nanoparticles were first prepared and loaded into poly vinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). This piezoelectric composite film was then placed between two copper electrodes to create an flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (FPNG). It was thoroughly examined and adjusted how the concentration of LiTaO₃ injected into PVDF and MWCNT affected the electrical performance of FPNG. 1.5%, 2.5%, 3%, and 5% LiTaO₃ were used to manufacture the flexible piezoelectric films and then the films' XRD, XPS, SEM characteristics were analyzed as well as the voltage and current were measured. Open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current measurements for the 3 wt% FPNG were ∼70V and ∼8µA respectively. The nanogenerator was further put to the test by combining it with common electronic parts including capacitors, bridge rectifiers, and 10 LEDs. By transforming human walking force into energy, multiple piezoelectric films can light a room even without electricity. The FPNG was used to harness diverse biomechanical energy. This FPNG was also employed as a sensor for in vitro and in vivo biological applications such as blood flow, respiration, and muscle contraction.