Libai Huang1
Purdue University1
Charge-transfer (CT) excitons at hetero-interfaces play a critical role in light to electricity conversion using nanostructured materials. However, how CT excitons migrate at these interfaces is poorly understood. Atomically thin and two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures provide a new platform to create architectures with sharp interfaces for directing interfacial charge transport. Here we investigate the formation and transport of interlayer CT excitons in van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures based on semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) employing transient absorption microscopy (TAM) with a temporal resolution of 200 fs and spatial precision of 50 nm.<br/> We have investigated interlayer exciton dynamics and transport modulated by the moiré potentials in WS<sub>2</sub>-WSe<sub>2</sub> heterobilayers in time, space, and momentum domains using transient absorption microscopy combined with first-principles calculations. Experimental results verified the theoretical prediction of energetically favorable K-Q interlayer excitons and unraveled exciton-population dynamics that was controlled by the twist-angle-dependent energy difference between the K-Q and K-K excitons. Spatially- and temporally-resolved exciton-population imaging directly visualizes exciton localization by twist-angle-dependent moiré potentials of ~100 meV. Exciton transport deviates significantly from normal diffusion due to the interplay between the moiré potentials and strong many-body interactions, leading to exciton-density- and twist-angle-dependent diffusion length. These results have important implications for designing vdW heterostructures for exciton and spin transport as well as for quantum communication applications.<br/> We have also imaged the transport of interlayer CT excitons in 2D organic-inorganic vdW heterostructures constructed from WS<sub>2</sub> layers and tetracene thin films. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements confirm the formation of interlayer excitons with a binding energy of ~ 0.3 eV. Electron and hole transfer processes at the interface between monolayer WS<sub>2</sub> and tetracene thin film are very rapid, with time constant of ~ 2 ps and ~ 3 ps, respectively. TAM measurements of exciton transport at these 2D interfaces reveal mobile CT excitons, with diffusion constant of ~ 1 cm<sup>2</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>. The high mobility of the delocalized CT excitons could be the key factor to overcome large CT exciton binding energy in achieving efficient charge separation.