Optics in Animal Eyes and Their Applications in Vision System

The development of bioinspired artificial cameras, through the application of optics and photonics, offers innovative designs inspired by diverse natural vision systems. The superior optical characteristics of these bioinspired devices often outperform traditional imaging systems, boasting heightened visual acuity, expanded field of view, unrestricted-wavelength imaging, enhanced aberration correction and depth of field, along with exceptional motion sensitivity. The evolution of soft materials, ultrathin electronics, and adaptable optoelectronics has ushered in an era of opportunity for crafting artificial eyes that closely emulate biological vision systems. This tutorial zeroes in on the recent progress and continuous efforts in the arena of bioinspired artificial eye research and development, specifically highlighting optical components and image sensors. The discussion kick-starts with an exploration of the structures of two key types of eyes from nature, namely, the single-chambered eye and the compound eye. The tutorial then progresses to delve into the recent developments in bioinspired optic components and image sensors, enveloping subjects like materials, optical and mechanical design approaches, and integration strategies.