Photovoltaic Performance Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Hole Transport Layer for Cu-Ag-Bi-I Based Perovskite Solar Cell

In this study, the environmental friendliness of Cu₆AgBiI₁₀ (CABI), a cheap and non-toxic material, has received the most attention for the investigation. Recently, the inorganic Cu-Ag-Bi-I base compounds have shown great potential for solar, optoelectronic, and other applications. Their outstanding stability, high absorption coefficients, and ability to transport charged carriers are all factors that make them attractive.In this study, we investigated the performance of organic and inorganic Hole Transport Layers(HTL) on Cu-Ag-Bi-I based solar cells, conducted experimental and simulation analyses to improve their efficiency, and explored new approaches for optimizing solar cell devices.The method used was a single-step spin coating using hot-casting droplets poured onto pre-heated substrates. To anneal films, two-step annealing was used. In the first step, the films were annealed in the glove box at 75°C for 3 minutes before being annealed at 150°C for 6 minutes in the second step on the hot plate.The films were characterized using XRD, UV and SEM to identify the structural, optical, and surface morphological behavior and properties of these materials and device simulations for optimizing their photovoltaic performances.In addition, P3HT, PEDOT:PSS, Spiro-MeOTAD, NiOx, CuSCN, and CuO were used as layers for hole transport to identify the most suitable HTL layer for the FTO/(c+mp)TiO₂/CABI structure using the SCAPS-1D solar cell device simulation tool. This study demonstrates that inorganic HTLs are more crucial than organic HTLs in terms of the efficiency and performance of solar cells. In the six structures of devices, the best-optimized device design, FTO/(c+mp) TiO₂/CABI/CuO/Au was found with an efficiency of 2.08%. The effects of absorber layer thicknesses of absorber and ETL layers, rate of generation, recombination, capacitance voltages, current density voltage, and the characteristics of quantum effectiveness are investigated. The SCAPS-1D results were compared with similar experimental results of the photovoltaic devices. The research revealed that HTLs are a key factor in the efficiency of CABI solar cells. The research reveals that HTLs are key to CABI solar cell efficiency.<br/><br/>&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;