Symposium Support
American Superconductor
Argonne National Laboratory
Kyushu/West-Japan Branch of Cryogenic Association of Japan
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
SuperPower Inc
SWCC Showa Cable Systems Co Ltd
II1: YBCO Coated Conductor Processing and Characterization
Session Chairs
Dave Christen
Takanobu Kiss
Tuesday PM, March 25, 2008
Room 2000 (Moscone West)
9:00 AM - II1.1
Strategic Progress And Future Outlook Of Superconductivity Program At DOE.
Debbie Haught 1
1 Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Department of Energy, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
Show AbstractThe U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE) leads the national effort for development of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wires and HTS electric equipment prototypes. DOE envisions revolutionary changes in electric power equipment that will impact the modernization of the electricity grid by improving/increasing system functionality, capacity, efficiency, and reliability. To ensure successful commercialization of HTS technology in the U.S., the OE Superconductivity Program R&D activities are focused on wire development and strategic research in partnerships with industry, universities and national laboratories. In addition, the program conducts industry-led systems research and demonstration that evaluates device-specific electric power equipment using HTS wires that are available today. This talk will summarize the impressive progress made in the HTS program and related developments over the past several years.
9:15 AM - **II1.2
Recent Progress in Second-generation HTS Wire Technology and Manufacturing at SuperPower.
Yimin Chen 1 , Xuming Xiong 1 , Yiyuan Xie 1 , Xun Zhang 1 , Andrew Rar 1 , Maxi Martchevskii 1 , Robert Schmidt 1 , Ken Lenseth 1 , Drew Hazelton 1 , Venkat Selvamanikam 1
1 , Superpower Inc, Schenectady, New York, United States
Show AbstractIn order to significantly improve the price-performance characteristics of 2G wire, SuperPower has been focused on achieved key technical metrics : high critical current, high throughput, and long single-piece lengths. Substantial progress has been made in all three key metrics in the last year. By improving thick film properties and modified superconductor compositions in our MOCVD process, critical currents as high as 740 A/cm have been achieved in short (~ 10 cm) lengths of 2G wire when measured across the entire tape width of 12 mm. We have increased the speeds of our IBAD MgO process to 360 m/h, homo-epi MgO to 345 m/h, LMO to 345 m/h, and MOCVD to 180 m/h, all values given for 4 mm wide tape. At these high speeds, as of October 2007, we have produced over 14 IBAD MgO tapes, and 10 tapes with a complete 5-layer buffer stack all over 1,000 m in length. The quality of the buffered tapes is excellent with an in-plane texture of 6 – 7 degrees and uniformity of about 2 % over the 1,000+ m length. Single piece lengths of fully-processed 2G wire is now approaching 1000 m. Using nearly 10,000 m of 2G wire delivered from our Pilot-manufacturing operations, Sumitomo Electric has successfully constructed a 30 m, 3-phase, fully-shielded cable. This cable has been installed in the grid of National Grid in Albany and is the world’s first 2G device in the power grid. High-field magnets have been constructed with our wire. A world-record field of 9.8 T was generated in a 2G coil at 4.2 K and a world-record field of 26.8 T was generated in a back ground field of 19 T at 4.2 K. This presentation will provide the latest developments in the 2G wire program at SuperPower.
9:45 AM - **II1.3
Second Generation Wire Development at American Superconductor.
M. Rupich 1 , W. Zhang 1 , X. Li 1 , C. Thieme 1 , M. Teplitsky 1 , E. Siegal 1 , D. Buczek 1 , E. Thompson 1 , S. Fleshler 1
1 , American superconductor Corp., Westborough, Massachusetts, United States
Show Abstract10:15 AM - **II1.4
Recent Progress on R&D of Long YBCO Coated Conductor by TFA-MOD Method in SWCC.
Yuji Aoki 1 , Tsutomu Koizumi 1 , Yasuo Takahashi 1 , Atsushi Kaneko 1 , Takayo Hasegawa 1 , Seiki Miyata 2 , Tatsuhisa Nakanishi 3 , Teruo Izumi 3 , Yutaka Yamada 2 , Yuh Shiohara 3 , Yasuhiro Iijima 4 , Takashi Saitoh 4
1 SUPERCODUCTOR PROJECT, SWCC SHOWA CABLE SYSTEMS Co., Ltd., Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan, 2 Nagoya Coated Conductor Center, Superconductivity Research Laboratory, Nagoya Japan, 3 , Superconductivity Research Laboratory, Tokyo Japan, 4 , Fujikura Ltd., Tokyo Japan
Show AbstractIn recent years remarkable progress has been made on processing technologies for long length YBCO coated conductor. Hundred meters class YBCO coated conductors were reported by several groups, and elementary demonstrations of coils, cables, etc. have started using coated conductors. In this situation, we selected a MOD method combined with a batch type process, since it is considered to be one of the most cost effective processes. We report here recent results for development of a batch type furnace and the optimization of heat-treatment conditions for YBCO coated conductors. We selected two different buffered metallic substrates with the architectures of PLD-CeO2/IBAD-GZO/Hastelloy for the high Ic performance, and Sputtering-CeO2/MOD-CZO/Ni-3at%W for the cost effective performance, respectively. The most important factor for the batch-type furnace design was realized an ideal gas flow mode for the efficient conversion kinetics, because TFA-MOD process is accompanied by both consuming H 2O gas and releasing HF gas at the crystal growth interface. We solved this issue by applying a simulation technique. Additionally, we applied a new MOD solution with wide window for the heat-treatment conditions in order to crystallize YBCO film with high Jc. Above understandings were applied for a long tape processing, and a high Ic value of 201 A/cm-width was recognized on IBAD tape with 200 m long and 4.5 mm width, which was revealed the production rate of 10 m/h. Additionally, it was confirmed that Ic value of YBCO film on the cube textured Ni-3at%W tape exceed 200 A/cm-width in a short sample and 130 A/cm-width in a 15 m tapes at 77K, respectively. AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) as Collaborative Research and Development Fundamental Technologies for Superconductivity Applications.
10:45 AM - **II1.5
Advanced Substrate Materials for YBa2Cu3O7-δ Coated Conductors.
Sebastian Engel 1 2 , Joerg Eickemeyer 2 1 , Bernhard Holzapfel 2 1 , Ludwig Schultz 2 1 , Oliver de Haas 1
1 , evico GmbH, Dresden, Saxony, Germany, 2 IFW Dresden, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany
Show Abstract11:15 AM - II1:2G Wires
Break
11:30 AM - **II1.6
The Role of Cuprous Oxide Related Phases on Growth and Properties of YBCO Coated Conductors Produced by Metal-organic Deposition.
Dean Miller 1 , Victor Maroni 1 , Xiaoping Li 2 , Wei Zhang 2 , Rupich Marty 2
1 Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States, 2 , American Superconductor Corporation, Devens, Massachusetts, United States
Show Abstract12:00 PM - II1.7
A Modular Process for the Ex Situ Conversion of Thick MOD-BaF2 Precursors for RBCO Coated Conductors.
Ron Feenstra 1 , F. List 1 , Y. Zhang 1 , D. Christen 1 , D. Miller 2 , V. Maroni 2 , X. Li 3 , W. Zhang 3 , M. Rupich 3
1 , Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States, 2 , Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States, 3 , American Superconductor Corporation, Devens, Massachusetts, United States
Show Abstract In the ex situ conversion of BaF2-type precursors for production of RBa2Cu3O7 (RBCO; R= rare earth or Y) coated conductors, the temperature ramp from ambient to the final reaction temperature represents a complex, yet critical part of the process. Changes in physical and chemical properties induced by the rising temperature, which precede BaF2 decomposition and RBCO nucleation and growth, exert an indirect effect on critical currents and wire performance. To better understand and control the underlying dynamic events, this paper describes an alternative process approach in which the continuous temperature ramp is replaced by sequentially operated processing “modules.” Each module is designed to perform a specific task and carried out under individually controlled thermodynamic conditions. The modules are linked by brief thermal ramps during which the conditions are changed. In the employed low-pressure conversion system, simultaneous heating (resistively) and cooling of the specimen ensured that the thermal ramps were performed fast and without overshoot. Real-time XRD feedback and high-rate quenching, furthermore, enabled the generation of precursor specimens qualified to represent judiciously chosen moments of the modular process. Using FIB-SEM for fast turnaround on the through-thickness microstructure, correlations between RBCO epitaxial growth and precursor parameters were effectively derived. Results are presented for thick (> 1 μm), multi-coat MOD-BaF2 precursors on RABiTS. Processing modules for these precursors were introduced based on a comparison to thick PVD-BaF2 precursors, involving adjustments in the F/Ba ratio and microstructure prior to RBCO nucleation. Progress towards performance enhancement in thick RBCO coatings is discussed in light of the modular process design.Research sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Superconductivity Program for Electric Power Systems.
12:15 PM - II1.8
Through-Thickness Tracking of MOD-type YBCO Precursor Conversion as a Function of Time Using Raman Microscopy.
Victor Maroni 1 , Dean Miller 1 , Wei Zhang 2 , Martin Rupich 2
1 , Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States, 2 , American Superconductor, Devens, Massachusetts, United States
Show AbstractExperiments were devised to allow through-thickness examination of quenched YBCO coated conductor samples prepared by processing of a metal-organic deposited (MOD) hybrid YBCO precursor on a RABiTS-based template for varying lengths of time. The hybrid consisted of a layer of Dy-added YBCO precursor covered by a layer of pure YBCO precursor. The chemistry and microstructure of the resulting YBCO/Dy+YBCO/RABiTS films were examined from the substrate, through the Dy+YBCO layer, across the interface region, and through the YBCO top layer using Raman microscopy. This sampling approach allows optimal application of Raman microscopy as a through-thickness phase identification tool. Key findings were (1) confirmation of an island-type growth mechanism in the Dy+YBCO layer, (2) the persistent presence of cuprous oxide and M2Cu2O5 (M = Y or Dy) through the precursor conversion stages, (3) evidence that the interface layer between the Dy+YBCO layer and the YBCO layer tends to be rich in cuprous phases; and (4) the observance of untextured YBCO grains through the interface region and the YBCO top layer, typically in close contact with CuO and Ba-Cu-O second phases. The consequences of these observed effects on precursor conversion and wire performance will be presented and discussed.[Research done at the Argonne National Laboratory was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, as part of a DOE program to develop electric power technology, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 between UChicago Argonne, LLC and the DOE.]
12:30 PM - II1.9
Dislocations and Intergrowth Assemblies in Solution Derived YBCO Films.
Jaume Gazquez 1 , Felip Sandiumenge 1 , Anne Joulain 2 , Teresa Puig 1 , Xavier Obradors 1
1 , ICMAB-CSIC, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain, 2 Laboratoire de Métallurgie Physique, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, Futuroscope cedex France
Show Abstract12:45 PM - II1.10
Reactive Co-evaporation of HTS for Coated Conductors.
Vladimir Matias 1 , Jens Hanisch 1 , Chris Sheehan 1 , E. Rowley 1 , Jonathan Storer 1
1 MPA-STC, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States
Show Abstract
II6: Fundamental & Applied Research on MgB2 & BSSCO Superconductors
Session Chairs
Paul Canfield
Xiaoxing Xi
Wednesday PM, March 26, 2008
Room 2000 (Moscone West)
3:00 PM - **II6.1
Properties of Pure, Doped and Damaged MgB2.
Paul Canfield 1
1 Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States
Show AbstractRemarkably high temperature superconductivity was discovered in binary MgB2 in 2001. This discovery revitalized the study of intermetallic superconductivity and refocused attention on refractory compounds with light elements. In this talk I will review the basic properties of pure MgB2 (synthesis, anisotropy and two gap nature) and then focus on more recent data on the effects of carbon doping and neutron damaging. Work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
3:30 PM - II6.2
Densification Processes in ex situ Magnesium Diboride Bulk Material Fabricated by Pressureless and Pressure-Assisted Heat Treatment.
Claire Dancer 1 , A. Bevan 2 , P. Mikheenko 2 , H. Yan 3 , D. Prabhakaran 4 , M. Reece 3 , J. Abell 2 , R. Todd 1 , C. Grovenor 1
1 Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford United Kingdom, 2 Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham United Kingdom, 3 Department of Materials, Queen Mary College, University of London, London United Kingdom, 4 Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford United Kingdom
Show AbstractIt is well known that a substantial increase in critical current density can be achieved by the heat treatment of ex situ magnesium diboride powder-in-tube wires. However it is not clear whether this is due to a real sintering process involving the macroscopic transport of material and densification or due for instance to the removal of volatile impurities from particle interfaces or limited chemical reactions at grain boundaries. We have studied the effect of pressureless heat treatments on the microstructure of ex situ MgB2 pellets fabricated from Alfa Aesar powder using XRD, SEM and by density and porosity measurements using the Archimedes principle. The heat treatments are chosen to model the environment that powders will experience inside metal sheaths during the heat treatment of PIT wires. Our results suggest that at temperatures up to 1100°C very little true sintering behaviour is observed in samples made from as-received powder.A range of pressure-assisted heating techniques were employed to produce denser MgB2 samples. Resistive sintering [1] (at the University of Birmingham), spark-plasma sintering (at Queen Mary College, University of London) and hot-pressing (at the University of Oxford) have been carried out on the same Alfa Aesar MgB2. The impurity content, density and hardness have all been compared to those of bulk samples prepared by pressureless sintering, along with microstructural observations by SEM. We will compare the samples obtained by all four heat-treatment methods, and discuss the optimum conditions to obtain dense MgB2.[1] Mikheenko, P., Bevan, A.I., and Abell, J.S., Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2006. 43: p. 535.
3:45 PM - II6.3
Limiting Mechanism of Normal-State Connectivity in Polycrystalline MgB2.
Akiyasu Yamamoto 1 , Jun-ichi Shimoyama 1 , Kohji Kishio 1 , Teruo Matsushita 2
1 , University of Tokyo, Tokyo Japan, 2 , Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka Japan
Show Abstract4:00 PM - II6.4
Nanoscale Grains, High Irreversibility Field, And Large Critical Current Density As A Function Of High Energy Ball Milling Time In C-Doped Magnesium Diboride.
B. Senkowicz 1 , R. Mungall 1 , Y. Zhu 2 , J. Jiang 1 , P. Voyles 2 , E. Hellstrom 1 2 , David Larbalestier 1
1 Applied Superconductivity Center at National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahasee, Florida, United States, 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
Show AbstractTuesday, March 25New Abstract II6.4 @ 3:00 PMNanoscale Grains, High Irreversibility Field, And Large Critical Current Density As A Function Of High Energy Ball Milling Time In C-Doped Magnesium Diboride. B. J. Senkowicz1, R. J. Mungall1, Y. Zhu2, J. Jiang1, P. M. Voyles2, E. E. Hellstrom1, 2, David Larbalestier1 1. Applied Superconductivity Center at National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahasee, FL, USA. 2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
4:15 PM - II6:MgB2amp;BSCCO
BREAK
4:30 PM - **II6.5
MgB2 Thin Films for High Field, Electronics, and RF Applications.
Xiaoxing Xi 1
1 , Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States
Show Abstract5:15 PM - II6.7
Flux Pinning Properties and Monotonic Decrease of Tcs with Thinning of the Superconducting MgB2 Layer in MgB2/Ni and MgB2/B Alternately-layered Thin Films.
Toshiya Doi 1 , Hitoshi Kitaguchi 2 , Harini Sosiati 3 , Satoshi Hata 3 , Kenichiro Takahashi 2 , Yoshinori Hakuraku 1
1 Faculty of Engineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima Japan, 2 , National Insitute for Material Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, 3 , Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
Show Abstract5:30 PM - II6.8
Microstructures and Current Transport Paths of High Current Density Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ Round Wires.
Fumitake Kametani 1 , Jianyi Jiang 1 , Eric Hellstrom 1 , David Larbalestier 1
1 , Applied Superconductivity Center, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
Show Abstract5:45 PM - II6.9
Connectivity and Irreversibility Field of Bi-2212 Conductor.
Jianyi Jiang 1 , Ulf Trociewitz 1 , Fumitake Kametani 1 , Akiyasu Yamamoto 1 , Justin Schwartz 1 , Eric Hellstrom 1 , David Larbalestier 1
1 Applied Superconductivity Center, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
Show Abstract