To Be, or Not to Be: Labeled and Label-Free Raman Based Pathogen Detection in Water and Clinical Samples

Raman spectroscopy promises a rapid and acciurate pathogen detection alternative compared to complex and tedious culture dependant alternatives. Although spontaneous Raman measurments could provide enough signal for detection, some applications such where a hand full of pathogen are present compared to liters of surrounding sample volume, may require specific labeling and isolation of cells. In this talk, I will discuss how the limits of Raman spectroscopy for biosensing can be pushed further in its resolution by demonstrating ~98% accurate classification of presence of anti-TB drug resistance using spontaneous Raman to expansion in its sample volume reach by demonstratig rapid magnetic isolation and detection of hand full of pathogenic bacteria from water and food contaminants using polymer coated magnetic beads as Raman reporters. We also demonstrate detection on home built hand held Raman systems for ease of deployment to clinical end users. Lastly, I will cover new teritories Raman spectroscopy can serve in next gemeratopm disease theraputics. Clinical and field translation of Raman based cell detection calls for careful analysis of the application at hand as either labeled or label free alternatives would best serve the target.