Lucia Delogu1
University of Padua1
We recently depicted the “Nano-immunity-by-design” where the characterization of 2D materials is not solely based on their physical-chemical parameters but also their immune-profiling. [1] The immune profiling can be revealed on its complexity in unique, informative ways: high dimensional approaches. [2,3] We exploited high-dimensional methods, such as single-cell mass cytometry and imaging mass cytometry on graphene and other novels two-dimensional materials, such as graphene and transition metal carbides/carbonitrides (MXenes). [4-6]<br/>We revealed that the amino-functionalization of graphene oxide increased its immunocompatibility. [4] Moreover, we combined graphene with AgInS<sub>2</sub> nanocrystals, enabling its detection by single-cell mass cytometry on a large variety of primary immune cells. [5] Recently, we reported the immune modulation of specific MXenes, Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> in particular, in combination with their antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2 again by single-cell mass cytometry and other high dimensional approaches. [6] Together with our published works, I will present unpublished results in a wider variety of novel 2D materials such as MXenes, MoS<sub>2</sub>, WS<sub>2</sub> on human immune cell subpopulations, as well as on mice and swine models.<br/>Our results conceptualize that chemical and immunological designs of 2D materials offer new strategies for their safe exploitation in biomedicine.<br/>References<br/>[1] Gazzi A et al... and Delogu LG*. Graphene, other carbon nanomaterials and the immune system: toward nanoimmunity-by-design. J Phy Mat (2020).<br/>[2] Fusco L et al... and Delogu LG*. Graphene and other 2D materials: a multidisciplinary analysis to uncover the hidden potential as cancer theranostics. Theranostics (2020).<br/>[3] Weiss C et al... and Delogu LG*. Toward Nanotechnology-Enabled Approaches against the COVID-19 Pandemic. ACS Nano (2020)<br/>[4] Orecchioni M et al... and Delogu LG*. Single-cell mass cytometry and transcriptome profiling reveal the impact of graphene on human immune cells. Nature Communications (2017).<br/>[5] Orecchioni M et al... and Delogu LG*. Toward High-Dimensional Single-Cell Analysis of Graphene Oxide Biological Impact: Tracking on Immune Cells by Single-Cell Mass Cytometry. Small (2020).<br/>[6] Unal MA et al. and Gogotsi Y*, Delogu LG*, Yilmazer A*. Nano Today (2021).