INDUSTRY TRACK: All Solid-State Batteries Utilizing Sulfide and Halide Based Electrolytes

INDUSTRY TRACK: Lithium based solid-state batteries promise almost to double the energy density of state-of-the art lithium-ion batteries. Among the various solid-electrolyte (SE) candidates, there are three major categories. Oxides (Garnet based), polymer composites and sulfides. In recent years there has been significant interest in rare earth-based halides (LiInCl₃, LiYCl₃ and others). The halides have high oxidative stability (5V or above) but are extremely unstable with lithium metal. The integration of halide SE in solid-state batteries has been either as a catholyte or in bi-layer configuration sulfide, and halide separator in tandem. Recent literature report chemical reactivity between argyrodite, (Li₆PSCl₅) and LiInCl₃ resulting in capacity loss and degradation. The talk will report recent advances in synthesis and processing science of argyrodite and halide-based SEs and their integration with solid-state cathodes. We report excellent stability and cycle-life using all solid-state cell using NMC811 cathodes and LiYCl₃ catholytes. SSB using halide-based SE can cycle up to 4.4 volts with much higher capacity retention and rate performance, > 400 cycles with 1C rate. Despite such advances in laboratory designed SSB cells, the talk will also highlight the challenges in processing and scaling of SSB to achieve higher practical energy densities.

Acknowledgment
This research is supported by Department of Energy (DOE), Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO) through the Advanced Battery Materials Research (BMR) Program