Colloidal nanoparticles, with controlled size, shape, and composition are now a ubiquitous building block within the nanoscience and nanoengineering communities. Ordered assemblies of colloidal nanoparticles, or so-called artificial photonic crystals or ‘metamaterials’, exhibit collective electronic, magnetic and optical behaviors for applications in nanoelectronics and nanophotonics. Successful integration of colloidal nanoparticles into engineered bioprobes, durable films, paints, and inks requires fundamental understanding to achieve surface functionality, reproducible long-range order, and mechanical robustness and patternability. Fundamental issues related to size, shape, core/shell structure, surface chemistry, etc critically determine assemblies, property, and applications of colloidal nanomaterial. To address these issues, this symposium will cover the general topics of colloidal nanoparticle synthesis, functionalization, characterizations, and applications. Specifically, this symposium will focus on (1) fundamental synthetic and functionalization strategies to manipulate size, shape, core/shell structure, surface chemistry to achieve enhanced function and property. (2) in-situ characterizations of nanoparticle growth, assembly, and interaction, and (3) integration for nanoelectronics, nanophotonics, and bioimaging and biosensing applications. (4) Theory modeling and computational understanding of nanoparticle interface, interaction, etc.