Scalable Manufacturing for Moiré Materials

Manufacturing moiré interfaces provides a transformative platform to understand how both the atomic-scale nature of materials govern quantum mechanical properties, while also enabling the engineering of quantum properties for applications in quantum information science and technology. While significant progress has been made, existing manufacturing methods have been labor- and time-intensive, yielding samples restricted to irregularly shaped micrometer dimensions (ranging up to 25 um², but often smaller and occasionally larger), and limited by substantial technical challenges, including production efficiency, fabrication-induced moiré disorder and interfacial contaminations. Here, I introduce a high-throughput in-situ exfoliation and stacking manufacturing method for designing moiré superlattices of twisted monolayer on bulk vdW systems at macroscopic scales, limited only by the dimensions of the parent crystal (~1 to 2 cm²), with unprecedented uniformity. Additionally, by leveraging intrinsic strain gradients in moiré superlattices, we observe enhanced novel phenomena that is absent with conventional 2D moiré systems, where the moiré reconstruction involves both layers.