Highly Efficient and Stable Passivation Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells

Surface passivation has been pivotal in advancing the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, current passivation materials face challenges in addressing complex carrier recombination and cation migration at the interface, especially during device operation. To overcome these issues, we employed a multi-functional molecular passivation strategy to effectively mitigate carrier recombination at the interface. Additionally, we developed new organic ligands to form either non-2D layers or robust perovskitoid layers, effectively blocking cation migration between the passivation and perovskite layers. These approaches led to increased carrier lifetimes and reduced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) losses, achieving record certified quasi-steady-state power conversion efficiencies for both small- and large-area PSCs, with stable operation at 85°C for over 1,200 hours in ambient air.