April 22 - 26, 2024
Seattle, Washington
May 7 - 9, 2024 (Virtual)
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2024 MRS Spring Meeting & Exhibit
ES02.05.09

Operando X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

When and Where

Apr 25, 2024
4:45pm - 5:00pm
Room 424, Level 4, Summit

Presenter(s)

Co-Author(s)

Xueli Zheng1

Stanford University1

Abstract

Xueli Zheng1

Stanford University1
Operando sulfur K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) has emerged as a powerful tool to unravel the complex sulfur redox chemistry in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Li-S batteries are promosing as a compelling alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries due to their exceptional theoretical energy density. However, their practical implementation faces challenges related to capacity fading, limited cycle life, and complex sulfur redox chemistry. Operando XAS plays a crucial role in understanding and addressing the above-mentioned challenges.

In this abstract, we first explore the application of operando sulfur K-edge XAS to gain real-time insights into the sulfur redox chemistry occurring at the sulfur cathode during Li-S battery operation. Using operando sulfur K-edge XAS, we revealed the dynamics of intermediate polysulfide species and the sulfur electrochemical conversion. Furthermore, the result guides us to design the multi-metal interaction with polysulfides. Li-S battery performance significantly enhanced by incorporating multi-metal to accelerate the Li-S reaction kinetics.

Then, we designed the cross-sectional Li-S battery cell to quantify polysulfide diffusion rate using sulfur K-edge X-ray spectromicroscopy. We found that elemental sulfur discharged to higher-order polysulfide species (Li2S8 and Li2S6) on the cathode and quickly diffused to the entire separator. This polysulfide diffusion resulted in the majority capacity decay in Li-S batteries.

In summary, we highlight the crucial role of operando XAS and X-ray spectromicroscopy as a transformative tool to overcome the fundamental challenges in Li-S batteries. Our study offers the potential for high-energy-density and sustainable energy storage solutions.

Keywords

operando | spectroscopy

Symposium Organizers

Raphaële Clement, University of California, Santa Barbara
Feng Lin, Virginia Tech
Yijin Liu, The University of Texas at Austin
Andrej Singer, Cornell University

Session Chairs

Yijin Liu
Andrej Singer

In this Session