Organic Electrochemical Transistor Materials for Bio-Interfacing Electronics

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are one of the most promising options for biointerfacing electronics, as they have high transconductance, low operation voltage (<0.8 V), good biocompatibility, and intrinsic compatibility with ion-related biological events. Compared to the abundant high-performance p-type OECT materials, n-type and ambipolar OECT materials are rare, and more importantly, their performances lag far behind, which largely limits the development of OECT-based logic circuits and amplifiers for bio-interfacing electronics. To address this issue, we designed and synthesized a series of n-type and ambipolar materials and proposed a design strategy, namely "doped state engineering”, which has greatly improved the performance and response speed of both n-type and ambipolar OECT materials. Based on these materials, we have realized high-performance logic circuits and amplifiers that exhibit high voltage gains, suitable for in vivo biosignal capture and amplification.