Revolutionizing Biomedical Fabrication—Two-Photon Polymerization for Multimaterial 3D Printing

Multimaterial 3D printing, particularly via two-photon polymerization (2PP), revolutionizes the landscape of cell culturing, offering a bridge between traditional 2D methodologies and the need for dynamic 3D environments akin to in vivo conditions. While 2D cell culturing remains vital for high-throughput imaging, its limitations in mimicking physiological complexity underscore the necessity for 3D approaches. However, current 3D culturing techniques often struggle to replicate organic structures and are confined to simplistic shapes.

In this study, we harness the power of two-photon polymerization (2PP), employing techniques like Two-Photon Grayscale Lithography (2GL®) and Aligned 2-Photon Lithography (A2PL®) to create intricate in vitro microstructures tailored for advanced cell culturing. Our research showcases a novel workflow utilizing aligned 2PP microfabrication for 3D cell assays and perfusion within microfluidic devices. Additionally, we explore the application of 2GL® printing in generating AI-driven topographies, enhancing 2.5D cell culturing scalability and efficacy.

The versatility offered by both aligned and 2GL® printing methodologies hold immense promise across diverse fields such as biotechnology, tissue engineering, and microfluidics. By unlocking new avenues for innovation, these techniques present unprecedented opportunities for advancement within the biomedical and pharmaceutical sectors.