Electrical Control and Long-Range Transport of Interlayer Excitons

The control of interlayer excitons presents significant potential for the exploration of quantum phases such as Bose-Einstein condensates and the development of future optoelectronic applications. Here, we report the formation and electrical control of momentum-direct interlayer excitons in van der Waals heterostructures. These excitons are characterized by bright photoluminescence emission with a high quantum yield and a narrow linewidth of less than four meV. We demonstrate tightly bound interlayer excitons and the tuning of their emission energy over a wide range via the Stark effect. The high-quality sample allows us to demonstrate the long-range transport of interlayer excitons with a diffusion length exceeding ten μm. The electrical control of exciton energy and transport opens new avenues for investigating quantum many-body physics, including excitonic condensates and superfluidity, and developing novel optoelectronic devices like exciton and photon routers.